Explanation
Correct answer: D.
Choice D is the best answer. The convention being tested is finite and nonfinite verb forms within a sentence. Relative clauses, such as the one beginning with “that,” require a finite verb, a verb that can function as the main verb of a clause. This choice correctly supplies the clause with the finite future tense verb “will be.”
Why the other choices are wrong
Choice A
Choice A is incorrect because the nonfinite participle “being” doesn’t supply the clause with a finite verb.
Choice B
Choice B is incorrect because the nonfinite to-infinitive “to be” doesn’t supply the clause with a finite verb.
Choice C
Choice C is incorrect because the nonfinite to-infinitive “to have been” doesn’t supply the clause with a finite verb.
Student discussion
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Read the sentence as follows: A model created by biologist Luis Valente predicts that X ____ triple the rate dadada. will be.