Explanation
Correct answer: C.
Choice C is the best answer. “There” logically signals where the events described in this sentence (Anning making several important discoveries) occurred: in Lyme Regis along the Jurassic Coast of southern England, which the previous sentence indicates is where she lived.
Why the other choices are wrong
Choice A
Choice A is incorrect because “for example” illogically signals that the information in this sentence about Anning’s discoveries exemplifies the previous information about her living in Lyme Regis. Instead, the sentence refers to the discoveries Anning made while living there—as the information in the third sentence makes clear.
Choice B
Choice B is incorrect because “likewise” illogically signals that the information about Anning’s discoveries is similar to the previous information about her living in Lyme Regis. Instead, the sentence refers to the discoveries Anning made while living there—as the information in the third sentence makes clear.
Choice D
Choice D is incorrect because “later” illogically signals that the information in this sentence about Anning’s discoveries occurred after she lived in Lyme Regis, as described in the previous sentence. Instead, the sentence refers to the discoveries Anning made while living there—as the information in the third sentence makes clear.