SAT Question ba0e23b0: Percentages answer and explanation with Desmos solution

Choice B is correct. It's given that $140$ is $p\%$ greater than $10$. It follows that $140=10+\left(\frac{p}{100}\right)10$, which is equivalent to $140=10+\frac{10}{100}p$, or $140=10+0.1p$. Subtracting $10$ from each side of this equation yields $130=0.1p$. Dividing each side of this equation by $0.1$ yields $1,300=p$, or $p=1,300$.