Which choice best describes the overall structure of the text?
A
It describes a common view among archaeologists, then discusses a recent finding that challenges that view.
B
It outlines a method used in some archaeological fieldwork, then explains why an alternative method is superior to it.
C
It presents contradictory conclusions drawn by archaeologists, then evaluates a study that has apparently resolved that contradiction.
D
It identifies a gap in scientific research, then presents a strategy used by some archaeologists to remedy that gap.
Explanation
Correct answer: A.
Choice A is the best answer. The text starts by introducing a common view among archaeologists about the need for an elite class to direct large-scale engineering projects. Then, it discusses the discovery of a large canal most likely built by a society without an elite class, which challenges the first view.
Why the other choices are wrong
Choice B
Choice B is incorrect. Although the text discusses carbon dating as an archaeological method, it doesn’t compare it to any other alternative methods.
Choice C
Choice C is incorrect. The study doesn’t resolve any contradictions—rather, it introduces a contradiction to the one view presented at the beginning of the text.
Choice D
Choice D is incorrect. The text never identifies any gaps in scientific research.