Explanation
Correct answer: C.
Choice C is the best answer. The convention being tested is the punctuation of a supplementary element within a sentence. The comma after “method” pairs with the comma after the closing parenthesis to separate the supplementary element “called ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)” from the rest of the sentence. This supplementary element functions to identify the name of Engvall and Perlmann’s method, and the pair of commas indicates that this element could be removed without affecting the grammatical coherence of the sentence.
Why the other choices are wrong
Choice A
Choice A is incorrect because an opening parenthesis can’t be paired with a comma to separate the supplementary element from the rest of the sentence.
Choice B
Choice B is incorrect because a dash can’t be paired with a comma to separate the supplementary element from the rest of the sentence.
Choice D
Choice D is incorrect because it fails to use appropriate punctuation to separate the supplementary element from the rest of the sentence.