SAT Question f5a00eff: Transitions answer and explanation

English - Transitions - Cause Effect Transition
0:00
FREE OFFICIAL BANK
If the formation of Earth’s mantle had been purely a product of core differentiation—whereby heavier elements sink toward the core and lighter elements rise—the upper mantle would be depleted of heavy siderophile elements. Siderophiles are much more abundant in the mantle than predicted in that model, however. ______ extraterrestrial material containing siderophiles, likely from asteroid or comet impacts, almost certainly accreted to Earth following core differentiation.
185
Difficulty:Hard
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?