SAT Question fdb16e20: Boundaries answer and explanation

English - Boundaries - Punctuating Nonessential Element
0:00
FREE OFFICIAL BANK
Quantum particles of light—photons—provide an unhackable means of transmitting encryption keys over networks, as attempts to observe particles in quantum states will invariably alter the particles ______ dismantle any information they transmit.
209
Difficulty:Hard
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?